Does shockwave therapy work for lower back pain?
At most for a short time, and the evidence is not strong. A 2021 meta-analysis of randomised trials in long-running low back pain found "significant and quantifiable reductions in pain and disability in the short term" and said further well-conducted trials are necessary. A 2022 review reached a similar result and warned of "a lack of high-level evidence". An earlier 2011 systematic review found the evidence did not support shockwave for low back pain at all.
NICE's guideline on low back pain, NG59, does not mention shockwave. It recommends considering a group exercise programme, and it advises against several other machine treatments, including ultrasound, TENS and interferential therapy. So extracorporeal shockwave therapy for the back sits outside the UK pathway, and any clinician offering it should say so.